If you're 45 or older, talk with your primary care provider about colon cancer screening.
Colon cancer occurs when cells in your large intestine grow out of control. It can be dangerous because it often doesn't show any symptoms until it's already advanced. Early detection through screening can make it much easier to treat.
People 45 and older are generally at a higher risk. However, if you have a family history of colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or certain genetic conditions, your risk may be higher. Lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, and smoking can also affect your risk.
A colonoscopy is thorough — it examines the entire colon using a small camera. This means it can catch polyps or cancerous growths that other tests might miss. If something suspicious is found, it can often be removed right then and there for further testing.
Generally, if you're 45 or older, you should start regular screenings. A colonoscopy is usually done every 10 years if no issues are found. However, your doctor might recommend a different schedule based on your age, health or family history.
Most people don't find colonoscopies painful because they're given medication to help relax. Some people experience mild cramping or discomfort, but serious pain is rare.
Preparation starts the day before the procedure. Patients should be on a clear liquid diet and take a special solution or laxative to clean out the colon. This helps give the provider a clear view during the test.
If a polyp or abnormal growth is found, it's usually removed during the colonoscopy for further testing. Depending on the results, more tests or treatment options may be discussed with the patient.
Yes, there are less invasive tests like stool tests and sigmoidoscopies. However, these tests are generally not as thorough as a colonoscopy. Health care providers can help patients decide which screening is best for them based on their needs and risks.